Showing posts with label pressure cooking. Show all posts
Showing posts with label pressure cooking. Show all posts

Thursday, January 6, 2011

Pressure Cooker Experiment Results

Sorry for the lack of post on Wednesday. Blogger was acting up and though the post was written I couldn’t upload it. That means there will be two posts today with the second one later today.

Tuesday:

This week the gym is still on a somewhat wonky schedule and wasn’t scheduled to open until 11am on Tuesday. Needless to say there was no morning at the gym for us. Since Dan had gotten home late from work last night we also got into bed late which means we slept in a little.

Dan had his usual green smoothie for breakfast with: kale, frozen bananas, walnuts, cinnamon, powdered ginger, stevia to taste and water to process.

Since I was exercising later at home I started my morning with green tea with peach and a little ascorbate C to increase the bioavailability of the EGCG. Then I did some knee friendly cardio and strength training on the TRX.


My late breakfast/early lunch was two small russet potatoes topped with some of the favas and mushrooms from yesterday, some fresh parsley and a splash of red wine vinegar. Changing the spud, acid and adding fresh herbs made it taste like a different dish. I love doing things like that with leftovers.


For a snack I had my recent usual orange and two Brazil nuts.

Once I stopped cooking with oil I had to give up pressure cooking my beans. For those that don’t own a pressure cooker you should know that oil is required to keep the beans from foaming and clogging the pressure release valve. Some types of beans foam more than others and lima beans are one that foam a lot. Tuesday I knew I needed to make more beans and was lamenting not being able to use my pressure cooker when I had an idea. What if I refrigerate the cooked beans to make it easy to remove the cold hard oil which would rise to the top? It sounded like a decent plan to me. Since I had used this technique for years with sauces and soups with meat I thought it would work but didn’t know how well. Today I decided to try that experiment and here is what I did:

Pressure Cooked Lima Beans
Serves 6

Ingredients:

1 pound large lima beans
6 cups water
2 tablespoons olive oil (to prevent beans from foaming and clogging the pressure release valve)
1 head of garlic, smashed and peeled
1 large red onion, peeled and diced
2 bay leaves

Directions:

Combine all the ingredients in your 6 quart pressure cooker. After the garlic and onions have sat for 10 minutes lock the lid on the pressure cooker and turn the heat to high. When the cooker has reached pressure lower the heat as far as you can while still maintaining high pressure and cook for 10 minutes. Turn off the heat and allow the pressure to reduce naturally which took 20 minutes for me. Now cool the beans and refrigerate until cold. This will cause the oil to rise to the surface making it easier to remove. I was able to remove 1 tablespoon plus 1 teaspoon of oil so the nutritional stats reflect only the 2 remaining teaspoons of oil.

Nutritional Information:

Amount Per Serving
Calories - 287.06
Calories From Fat (6%) - 18.24

Total Fat - 2.1g
Saturated Fat - 0.34g
Cholesterol - 0mg
Sodium - 22.58mg
Potassium - 1336.02mg
Total Carbohydrates - 52.01g
Fiber - 14.86g
Sugar - 6.5g
Protein - 16.91g

Comments:

The beans were meltingly tender and had a nice subtle flavor. They texture and flavor reminded me of potatoes. I think they would be good drained and pureed like potatoes, or with potatoes. I will be trying that sometime in the future (assuming I remember that is).

What I wasn’t thrilled with was the amount of oil that was left. I was hoping I could remove more of it than I actually did. I may try to make beans one more time to see if I can remove more fat. I could always place the cooked beans in a colander and give them a quick rinse and drain. I may try that next time. I was actually surprised that I didn’t like the texture of the oil that was left on the beans. I suspect that is to be expected after eating food without oil for so long. Oh well, I had to give it a try right? At least the flavor and texture were both good.


Since I had the pressure cooking out I decided to break out of my usual habits and make a veggie dish. I looked up the cooking time on cabbage and used that to decide how long to cook the dish. This is a combination of my prior recipes for sweet and sour cabbage and caponata. Here is what I did:

Sweet and Sour Cabbage in the style of Caponata
Serves 4

Ingredients:

1 large red onion, peeled and thinly sliced
1 head of garlic, smashed and peeled
½ head green cabbage, thinly sliced (about 8 cups)
32 ounces canned tomatoes (no salt) or 2 – 15 ounce cans
¼ cup red wine vinegar
2 tablespoons water
2 scoops (individual serving size) stevia, or to taste
1 teaspoon fennel seed
freshly ground black pepper (maybe ¼ teaspoon), to taste
½ cup golden raisins
Hot crushed peppers (wet hots), to taste (I used about 2 tablespoons because I wanted a subtle heat)

Directions:

Allow onions and garlic to stand for 10 minutes before heating.

In the pot place onions, garlic, cabbage, tomatoes, vinegar, water, stevia, fennel seed, pepper and golden raisins (in that order, don’t stir) and clap on the lid. Bring to high pressure and cook for 3 minutes.

Place the cooker under cold running water to reduce the pressure quickly. Remove the lid away from you to avoid being burned by the hot steam and taste for tenderness. If the cabbage is too firm cook for a few minutes on the stove top not under pressure. Now add the hot crushed peppers to taste.

Nutritional Information:

Amount Per Serving
Calories - 103.89
Calories From Fat (5%) - 5.19

Total Fat - 0.62g
Saturated Fat - 0.09g
Cholesterol - 0mg
Sodium - 25.82mg
Potassium - 680.81mg
Total Carbohydrates - 24.39g
Fiber - 4.73g
Sugar - 11.28g
Protein - 3.44g

Comments:

This dish actually blew me away. I loved the intensity of flavor and the little bit of heat and sweet. I will definitely be making this again. Tuesday night we had the sweet and sour cabbage over the beans and it was a very good combination. Wednesday morning I used the cold beans and cabbage to top a big green salad and that also worked. This dish would also be good on top of potatoes, polenta or brown rice. Can you tell how much I liked this? ;-)

After dinner Dan had his favorite dessert of strawberry banana soft serve. Now you know why we buy bananas 12 to 15 pounds at a time. We consume a crazy amount of frozen bananas in this house.

Dan ended up working late Tuesday night so it was another late evening at our house. Since my knee was a little wobbly on Monday we decided to sleep in Wednesday morning which meant we weren’t getting up early so staying up late worked out fine, other than getting us off schedule again. Both of us are night owls which makes the morning trips to the gym that much more odd.

I find that when I work out at home alone I tend to be more aware of my knee. Basically I am less gung ho in the cardio department and that is good when you are injured.

Thoughts on Fruit:

A few days ago Laura asked why I was trying to reduce Dan’s banana intake and was I concerned about fruit sugar. Sorry it took me a few days to get back to responding to this. Since I knew my answer wasn’t going to be brief I thought it was best to write about it in a post rather than in the comment.

Fruit is higher in natural sugar than vegetables and for that reason I try to no over consume it. However I also don’t avoid fruit because it does contain many micronutrients. Dark berries are my fruit of choice due to their micronutrient content particularly ellagic acid which may keep cancer from spreading, and causes cancer cells to die (apoptosis). This is the reason I was trying to reduce Dan’s banana consumption and increase the wild berries in his diet. Now you know why you see wild frozen berries turn up every other day for breakfast.

While I think fruit is a good choice I am not crazy about fruit juice. This has to do with the removal of the fiber and the impact of that on the Glycemic Index (GI)/Glycemic Load (GL). When you look at the chart in this link you can see for example that an orange has a GL of a whole orange is 5 but the GL for orange juice is 13. That may not seem like a big difference but if you drink it often it can be. My preference is to eat my fruit whole unless I am using it to sweeten vegetable juice or make a smoothie to make it palatable.  My tendency to avoid fruit juice goes back to my idea to eat food as unprocessed as possible. This idea has limits since I also want my food to be interesting and flavorful. But in general the closer to nature an item is the better it is for you.

Laura also asked about dates which you can see have a GL of 42 which happened to be the highest item on the list. I think dates in moderation are probably okay if you aren’t diabetic or concerned about blood glucose. When we have them I like to combine them with other foods (like nuts butter) which reduce the overall GL of the item being consumed.

I hope that gives you something to think about regarding fruit and gylcemic load.

Happy Thoughts:

Tuesday was another good day and here are my happy thoughts:

• I am thankful that my knee is recovering, though slowly, and that I seem to have learned not to push myself when I am injured. This is big for me since I have always been someone that pushed through the pain causing it to take me much longer to recover than I should.

• The weather has returned to normal. While it is our characteristic brown winter which tends to be a little blah at least our high temperature on Tuesday was a nice tepid 45 degrees. I appreciated being to walk to the store without needing to bundle up like an Eskimo.

• The cabbage dish I made was a real winner. I loved the flavor of that dish. I think I will be making more veggies using these same seasonings going forward.

• I have gotten a chance to cross more items off my to-do list this week which is very good. The holidays had me too far behind schedule but now I am gaining ground on the list if you know what I mean. ;-)

• The week is moving along very quickly for some reason. It doesn’t feel like it is Wednesday Thursday already. However it is nice to know we are more than half way to the weekend. I love my weekends because I get to spend more time with Dan.

• I am happy to have Blogger be cooperating with me this morning.

Signing out:

Time for me to wind down and get ready to turn in for the evening. I hope you are having a good week. Talk to you again tomorrow. Obviously I woke that last night before I found out Blogger wouldn’t let me upload my post. Dan has left for work and it is time for me to moving on my tasks since there are always things to do. I will have another post for you this evening, assuming Blogger doesn’t act up. I hope everyone has a great Thursday! Talk to you again soon.

Monday, July 6, 2009

Pressure Cooked Wheat Berries



I decided to make wheat berries in the pressure cooker after reading that they retained more nutrition when cooked this way. The texture of the berries is as good, if not a little better than the standard cooking method that takes 45 minutes. Like the beans, the wheat berries didn’t retain the oil that was added to the pot to keep them from foaming. I did rinse the berries in the colander under running water to remove all the surface fat.

If you haven’t made grains in the pressure cooker give it a try. It is much easier than I thought it would be. Additionally, since you need to cook the grains for a fraction of the time your kitchen won’t be as hot when using this method.

Pressure Cooked Wheat Berries
Makes 3 cups – nutrition given for entire batch

Ingredients:

1 cup of wheat berries that were soaked for 4 hours
3 cups of water
3 tablespoons of canola oil
1 teaspoon of kosher salt

Directions:

Drain the wheat berries of their soaking liquid and rinse well. Place the wheat berries, water, canola oil and kosher salt in your pressure cooker. Lock the lid and set the cooker on high pressure (250 degrees) and turn the heat on high. When the steam begins to escape turn the heat down as low as you can while still getting steam (this is a little above low on my stove). Turn the timer on and cook for 18 minutes. After 18 minutes remove the cooker from the burner and allow to stand for at least 15 minutes to let pressure to decrease naturally (do not press the pressure release valve). After 15 minutes press the release valve and open the pot. Test the wheat berries for tenderness. If you want them to be softer cook in top the stove for a few minutes more (you may need to add a little water).

Drain the wheat berries in a wire mesh colander and rinse with cold water to eliminate the exterior oil. Drain thoroughly before adding dressing.

Nutritional Information (for entire recipe):

Amount Per Serving
Calories - 631.68
Calories From Fat (5%) - 30.9

Total Fat - 3.69g
Saturated Fat - 0.6g
Cholesterol - 0mg
Sodium - 1905.17mg
Potassium - 659.91mg
Total Carbohydrates - 130.62g
Fiber - 23.42g
Sugar - 0.79g
Protein - 29.57g

Comments:

This was my first time cooking wheat berries in the pressure cooker and it worked well. The wheat berries that were pressure cooked may be a little more tender than the stovetop version that takes 90 minutes. I like that the berries cooked much quicker, and that I didn’t have to heat up my kitchen for as long as normal. However, retaining more nutrition in our food is also important.

I think using the pressure cooker for grains is going to be my new go to method. I can’t wait to try cooking brown rice this way, but that will need to wait until we eat the wheat berries. Overall, I was very pleased with the ease of preparation of the wheat berries in the pressure cooker.

Pressure Cooked Chickpeas for Hummus



Are you afraid of pressure cooking? When I was growing up I remember the antiquated monstrosity on the stove with metal weight giggling on top. My mother was always telling me to get out of the kitchen when the pressure cooker was rattling and hissing in our kitchen. No wonder I avoided pressure cooking for most of my adult life.

If you have seen an episode of “Christina Cooks” you may have noticed that she always seems to use a pressure cooker to make her brown rice. Her pressure cooker didn’t seem threatening like the one I remembered from my childhood. One day I was in Costco and there was sleek looking Fagor pressure cooker that jumped into my basket. Since the cooker seemed so determined to come home with me, what choice did I have but to bring it home? I immediately made dried chickpeas in the pot and was amazed that they cooked in 10 minutes. Yes, I did say 10 minutes. If you have cooked dried beans you know this is almost a minor miracle.

This weekend I was reading “Life Over Cancer” by Keith Block MD and he mentioned pressure cooking. According to the doctor there are a few reasons to use your pressure cooker. First, pressure cooked beans are easier to digest. Second, pressure cookers soften grains better than boiling or steaming, and retain more nutrients. Well those two issues were enough to get me to pull my pressure cooker out of the cabinet. Expect to see more pressure cooker recipes from me in the future as I explore more ways to use my cooker.

Here is my recipe for pressure cooked chickpeas if you are making hummus.

Pressure Cooked Chickpeas for Hummus
Makes 6 cups of cooked beans – serving is 1 cup

Ingredients:

2 cups of dried chickpeas, picked through and rinsed
8 cups of cold water - for quick soak
10 cups of cold water - for pressure cooking
5 tablespoons of canola oil

Directions:

Place rinsed and picked through chickpeas in a pot and cover with 8 cups of water. Bring water to a boil and place a lid on the pot. Turn off the heat and allow dried beans to stand in the water for an hour.

Drain the quick soaked beans in a wire mesh colander and place in your pressure cooker. Cover the soaked beans (which have swollen to 4 cups) with 10 cups of cold water. Add 5 tablespoons of canola oil to keep the beans from foaming and clogging the pressure release valve. Secure the lid on the cooker and bring it to pressure on high (250 degree setting). When the pot begins to release steam, lower the heat and cook the beans for 10 minutes. After 10 minutes remove the pan from the burner and allow the pressure to decrease naturally (this should take 10 – 15 minutes). After the pressure has naturally released taste the beans for tenderness. If they need more time cook with the lid off until they reach your desire level of tenderness.

The exact cooking time on the beans will vary depending on the age of the dried bean. If the beans you purchased are very fresh 10 minutes should be more than enough time to achieve a soft bean for making hummus.

The fat that is included in the method above does not appear to absorb into the beans. I tried to measure the fat that was floating on the surface before I poured the water off the beans. When I had skimmed 4 tablespoons of fat and there was still some on the surface I stopped.

Nutritional Information:

Amount Per Serving
Calories - 268.96
Calories From Fat (13%)- 35.55


Total Fat - 4.25g
Saturated Fat - 0.44g
Cholesterol - 0mg
Sodium - 11.48mg
Potassium - 477.24mg
Total Carbohydrates - 44.97g
Fiber - 12.46g
Sugar - 7.87g
Protein - 14.53g

Comments:

This is a quick and easy way to cook dried beans. Pressure cookers are fantastic for all dried beans. You need to follow the directions on your particular cooker, but the beans cook so quickly that you can make them fresh everyday. Macrobiotic cooking tells us to cook meals fresh everyday to get the most nutrition from our food. I don’t know if this is true or not, but intuitively there seems to be logic to the theory since the nutrition declines over time with raw food why wouldn’t the same thing happen with cooked food?

If you have been thinking about getting a pressure cooking but wasn’t certain what to use it for I would suggest cooking dried beans, brown rice and wheat berries in it. I have wheat berries soaking now, so expect a recipe on how to pressure cook those later today.
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